Digital Output Square Root Extraction Formula and Tables

Square root extraction signals are used to simplify closed pipe liquid or gas flow calculations and to improve resolution of the non-linear signal when converted to a flow reading.

The output from a Modbus 12 bit count can be transformed in the following ways:

A linear digital output signal of 0 to 4096 steps can be converted to a non-linear sq rt extraction by applying the following formula or table:

Advantages and Disadvantages of using a 4 to 20 mA Signal

A 4-20mA current signal has become very popular for many applications beyond it's original intended purpose in the process industry.  It is now used throughout industry as the preferred measurement and control signal for many different types of systems.

Despite the popularity of the 4-20mA signal, it is not the best solution for every application and here are some of the 'for' and 'against' reasons for determining whether it is the right type of signal for your application.